Garlic might be a common addition to many meals, but when it comes to feeding it to your dog, think again. While it may not seem harmful, garlic is actually toxic to dogs and can lead to some serious health issues. Here, with two veterinary experts break down garlic toxicity in dogs, including what symptoms to watch for and how to respond if your dog ingests garlic. Keep reading to learn how to keep your pup safe and healthy during mealtime!
Can dogs eat garlic?
According to Dr. Shalsee Vigeant, a medical director at the veterinary emergency hospital chain VEG, “The short answer is no because garlic can be toxic to dogs. The longer answer is that dogs do have to consume a large amount of garlic for their body size for it to be toxic.”
Garlic’s toxicity is dose-dependent, meaning that small dogs are at greater risk, as are those who consume larger amounts. To be safe, Dr. Vigeant recommends steering clear of garlic in any form, including fresh, cooked, and powdered, to prevent accidental poisoning.
Why can’t dogs eat garlic?
“Garlic and onions contain a substance called allium, which is toxic to red blood cells,” Dr. Vigeant notes. “When eaten, it will cause the red blood cells to be destroyed by the body.”
Dogs are particularly susceptible because they can’t process thiosulfates (compounds found in allium) the way humans do. This difference can lead to oxidative damage to red blood cells, which are essential for oxygen transport throughout the body.
Feeding garlic to your dog can lead to symptoms like vomiting, diarrhea, weakness, and pale gums. In more severe cases, the damage to red blood cells can result in anemia, which can become life-threatening if left untreated.
What should I do if my dog eats garlic?
“If your dog has ingested garlic, the first step is to remain calm to avoid hasty decisions by panicking,” says Dr. Josh Smith, a veterinarian and clinic owner at Pawspital Animal Hospital.
Watch for the symptoms mentioned above and note that it may take a few days for them to develop. Dr. Smith advises, “Do your best to assess how much garlic was ingested and then call your veterinarian or a pet poison control hotline (fees apply).” He recommends providing your vet with details about your dog’s size, health condition, and the amount of garlic eaten. This information can help determine the best course of action. Your vet might suggest inducing vomiting, administering activated charcoal, or bringing your dog in for an examination.
“Prompt action can help prevent or minimize serious health issues, so don’t hesitate to seek professional help if your dog gets into any garlic,” Dr. Smith adds.
Tierney McAfee is a freelance writer and Country Living and The Pioneer Woman contributor who covers entertainment, holiday & entertaining, food & drinks, design ideas, DIY, and more.
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