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We have all seen videos of adorable puppies looking guilty after being caught “destroying” furniture. Are they bad dogs trying to ruin our day? Or are they trying to cope with their needs being ignored?
Dogs use their mouths to explore the world, similarly to how we use our hands. We use our hands to touch and feel. Meanwhile, dogs often chew, lick and explore with their mouths.
Repeated chewing, also known as “gnawing”, is an important behaviour that dogs inherited from their wolf ancestors. They used to chew and tear apart their prey. While this remains the same for wild dogs, pet dogs do not need to do this. They normally eat processed kibble that requires little chewing.
Still, many dogs retain their need to chew. This behaviour is normal and important for their physical and mental well-being. It aids their digestion and helps them cope with pain.
Dr Angel Ngo offers advice on why dogs chew and what it means for their mental health. Photo: Handout
Why dogs chew
Studies have shown that chewing can help dogs feel less anxious and handle stressful situations better. It is mentally stimulating and rewarding. Chewing can also help prevent dental problems because it scrapes away plaque that forms on their teeth. It also strengthens their jaw muscles.
Puppies are more likely to chew. This is because they are exploring the world with all their senses. They are also teething, which can make them extra bitey. Chewing is a natural way for them to discover and navigate their surroundings. While dogs have a great sense of smell, their eyesight is not as good. For example, they cannot see the colour red.
Sometimes, dogs can show destructive behaviour because of stress. This can result from a lack of interaction with humans and other dogs, a need for exercise and mental stimulation, or not getting along well with other animals at home.
Humans have bred dogs to be social. They enjoy being with humans. A lack of companionship, even for a short time, can make them lonely and stressed. This can lead to lots of chewing and barking. Some dogs might hurt themselves on purpose by licking their skin so much that it becomes sore.
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How to keep your dog happy
It is important to ensure your dog isn’t stressed when left alone. Make sure they have mental stimulation through food dispensing toys and puzzles.
Regular exercise can also help brighten their day. They can fulfil their need for exploration and social interaction with other dogs, even if it is just sniffing another dog’s scent or marking their territory.
A walk is more than just “walking” for a dog. It is a chance for them to explore and interact with their environment physically and through scent communication.
If your dog has a habit of chewing things it should not, here is a helpful tip: When you catch them doing it, try distracting them with a noise. Redirect their attention to another task, like sitting. Then, reward them for listening.
It is important not to scold them, as seen in those videos of dogs looking guilty after chewing the furniture. Scolding can make it harder to correct this behaviour.
Dogs can also sense our anger. This could lead to more stress and make them chew more. Instead, remember to be gentle and understanding.
Answers provided by Dr Angel Ngo, a general practice and emergency veterinarian at VetiVa Center For Animal Wellness.
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